The area under the hot tub should be framed as a separate system, with its own footings. The deck … Most deck builders use scrap or unusable joist boards to cut into blocks for use at mid-span or 8’ spacing between beams. Joists commonly are spaced at 12”, 16”, or 24” centers depending on the load the deck frame will carry and the size, type, and orientation of the deck boards. Some builders reduce joist spacing to 12" on center to strengthen the deck frame or to increase maximum allowable joist spans. Here they may require, an engineers "stamp" for the hot tub … So you want to know for sure the minimum size of joists and beams for a deck designed to hold 100 psf. Joist Span Calculator. A new platform with large footings at least 22" in diameter should be installed below each corner of the tub to evenly distribute the weight. and 3 @ 6" o.c. for composite and 5/4 decking, and up to 24”o.c. But decks 2 feet or higher will need added support. staggered: 6" o.c. With the deck being 3 feet high On one end, this qualifies for "permitting" and should go through your local building regulatory office. This document does not apply to decks which will experience snow loads, snow drift loads, ... JOIST SPACING (inches) SPACING OF DECK JOISTS WITH NO CANTILEVER (inches)1 SPACING OF DECK JOISTS WITH CANTILEVERS (INCHES) 12 16 24 12 16 24 7. Check out our table below which is based on the information on Table R507.5 of the 2018 IRC. Cedar has a natural wood preservative that protects from rot and insects. However, cedar will gray with age and requires cleaning and sealing or staining regularly. The wood needs to be cleaned yearly and have a water-proof boost every other year, depending on your climate. The local Building Code is adapted from the State or National Building Code, which in turn is based on the International Residential Building Code (IRC). The narrower the spacing between joists, the greater the span can be. The load or weight a deck frame must support influences the span and spacing of the joists. Never place a hot tub on an existing deck that wasn't designed to support the massive loads. I took the weight and converted it into PSF and then to PLF, added it where the tub sits on the joist and came up with 2x8 SYP #1 at 12" O.C. *Values from Table R507.6 of the 2018 IRC. Lower grades, economy, or utility lumber have too many knots or large knots that weaken the lumber too much for structural use. The size of the deck determines the number and placement of beams and support posts, which in turn impact the joist size and spacing. How to Build a Tub Support. spacing is half the span plus two. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking. There will often be a number of acceptable combinations of joist size and spacing… 5/4 Decking has become the standard for most DIY and professional deck builders. It too comes in 2-by and 5/4 dimensions. hot tubs are beyond the scope of this document. For demonstration purposes only. It requires two 3” or 3-1/2” fasteners in every joist and is also spaced 1/8” to 3/8” apart. Deck joists shall be permitted to cantilever not greater than one-fourth of the actual, adjacent joist span. The joist spand between these main beams with a couple screws to set them in place and after joist hangers were added. Many reflect the information found in the IRC or National Building Codes. Many composite decking brands and all 5/4” wood boards are limited to 12”o.c. Square or rectangular decks are easier to layout a joist and beam plan for. There are three ways to determine deck joist span and spacing – formula, calculator, and joist sizing and span tables. Generally, the maximum joist spacing for boards running perpendicular to the joists is 16”o.c. Most manufacturers have deck joist spacing stipulations similar to 5/4 decking, however, some boards are rated for greater distances. The boards and furnishings rest on a deck frame of joists supported by beams, ledger, posts, and footings – all are important. The live load also affects the footing size. A hot tub may be part of the purpose but it affects the shape and size of the deck too. Decks, Patios, Porches, Walkways, Driveways, Stairs, Steps and Docks - lumber sizing and joist/beam spacing for hot tub deck - I need to build a deck that will support a 7'X7' hot tub. The fact that the deck has not collapsed under the weight of the hot tub is amazing. Downsizing to 16”o.c. Stringer spacing for stair treads is commonly 12”o.c., although some products are 16”, 11”, or 8”, so it is best to check the instructions. Thread Continues Below... Glenn McBride. The wood doesn’t rot or discolor but does need to be cleaned regularly. Round the span to the nearest foot and add two. You can mount them using metal hangers made for this purpose. Mount the 4x4s perpendicular to the existing joists beneath the deck. There are hundreds of Joist Sizing and Span Tables in print and on-line. Decking may be perpendicular or diagonal to joists, full run or staggered, or something unique. The most common grade used for joists and deck framing is #2, which has some knots but not enough to weaken it. spanning 16’-6” between supports may cantilever up to an additional 4’-1 … The size of the beams and the span between beam support posts, plus the distances between beams and ledger, affect the distance joists must span. Here they may require, an engineers "stamp" for the hot tub … Increased loads may influence joist size, plus beam, post, and footing requirements. and 16”o.c. Joist Spans for #2-Grade Dimensional Lumber, Redwood, Western Cedar, Red Pine, Ponderosa Pine. Deck reinforced. 2. Decks may provide access to various rooms of a building and also to the ground which affects the design and height of the deck. The spacing between joists is 12”o.c. Also, putting extra 4x4 posts under each corner of the hot tub. For example, a 2 x 12 joist placed 16” OC. If you're building a simple deck, footings and posts should be placed less than 8 feet apart. I used your DECK LOAD calculator (excellent tool by the way)to add more support piers. The Spa Guy Gives general Information on How to Reinforce a Deck to keep the deck from sagging or even falling. TABLE R507.5. The greater number of rings per inch results in more compact end grain and better bending strength. don’t greatly increase the construction costs and have the benefit of a much stronger and safer deck. The shape and size of the deck are primary considerations, along with its purpose. The last columns identify the spans for the beam at 12’ and 10’-6” with the cantilever. The top of the joists are level with the top of the beams or ledger and beam, making for a thinner profile deck structure. The Joist span table below is for joists with a continuous span on a deck below 1metre in height. Low profile free-standing decks or ledger supported decks fasten to the beams using joist hangers. Deck joists, similar to those in any structure, determine the load a floor or deck framing can carry. The width, thickness, wood type, grade, and spacing influence the span a joist can bridge. Deck joist spacing for composite decking is the same as that for 5/4” boards. Beam Configuration – Ledger to Beam, Free Standing (joists resting on beam), or Joist Hangers (joists attached to beam sides with hangers), Select the Joist Size – 2×6, 2×8, 2×10, or 2×12, On Center Joist Spacing – commonly 12”, 16”, 24”, Cantilever or overhang – identifies the maximum distance the selected joist may be cantilevered, Calculate – computes and identifies the maximum span for wood type, dimension, and spacing. or less spacing, and 2” planks are limited to 12”o.c. It is better to go shorter than to try and maximize span bridging for a more solid and secure platform. Joist spacing is determined by the type of wood used, and the size of the joist itself. Note: If rim joists are connected to the house, as they would be in Figures 2 and 3 they should have additional lag bolts installed in line with the hot tub or spa footprint. In many building supply stores, the choice of grade and type is limited. Although 2x4s may be used for low-profile joists near ground-level they aren’t normally included in structural joist tables. I am about to install a hot tub on our deck that will need to be extended. This deck includes plans for built-in benches flanking the hot tub. The joist spand between these main beams with a couple screws to set them in place and after joist hangers were added. Re: Hot tub load on existing deck What is the footprint of the hot tub and is 2000lbs the weight of it full with water? or 16”o.c. Incising is the process of infusing preservative deeper into the wood through small 1/4” deep cuts on all surfaces. Attached decks require a ledger for securing it to the building, while free-standing ones need an additional beam and post framework. The type of decking selected may require special fasteners and tools too. The span is the distance a joist traverses from ledger to beam, or beam to beam, without support. Free-standing decks don’t have a ledger. Common in my area is pressure-treated SPF, cedar, and several brands of composite deck boards. The spacing, span, grade, and joist dimensions are identified in the International Residential Building Code (IRC) which guides most national and state codes. They often have 2×6, 2×8, 2×10, and 2×12. Designing a deck specifically for a hot tub requires a lot of forethought. The height off the ground, wind-load, snow-load, soil-load capacity, and potential seismic forces also factor into the span. I'm going to put a hot tub on the deck, on one end. by William Joyce (Derby, CT) I would like to build 16x16 deck using 2x10 for the frame and 3/4 in plywood for floor. Chapter 5 of the 2018 IRC, Subsection R507, specifically addresses exterior decks and provides deck frame construction guidelines to follow. He writes: I am building a deck that will hold a fiveperson hot tub. According to the manufacturer, the weight of the filled tub with five people in it will add about 94 pounds per square foot of weight to the deck over a 45- square-foot area. Pressure-treated or wood preservative doesn’t affect the strength of wood, incising however does. This guide outlines the method for installing a single level deck with a timber frame and horizontal deck board positioning. The joists may be cantilevered at each end beam or terminate flush with the end beams. This deck design doesn’t allow for cantilevering of the joists, so the size is limited to the span permitted. Oct 13, 2020 - Explore PlasticineHouse - DIY Projects's board "How To Build a Deck", followed by 6199 people on Pinterest. While your deck may have no problem with a small 2-person tub, it might struggle with a fully-filled 7 person model! Tables and span calculators frequently provide joist dimensions, span, and spacing values based on a dead load of 10 pounds per square foot (PSF or psf) and a live-load of 40psf. Doubling a joist will increase its width allowing it to span by about 25% while doubling the thickness will add 75% to 100% more to the span. Most decks use dimensional 2-by lumber which is more readily available. In this instance the maximum span between deck post centres is 2.07m (C16) or 2.24m (C24). Floor joists on new construction. This top tips for building hot tub decks post is from the experts at Real Cedar.com, check them out to see why you should consider authentic cedar for your deck.. Either way, experts recommend that you select your hot tub/spa before making any structural or design decisions regarding your deck. Deck joist spacing is the distance between joists, measured from the center of one joist to the center of the next, and is commonly 12, 16, or 24-inches. Common spacing (how far apart each joist is from the next) for decks are 16 inches, 24 inches or 32 inches on center. I am looking to install privacy screens on my concrete patio. for boards laid at an angle to the joists. Pressure-treated lumber is protected from moisture and insect damage, as well as mold and mildew. The standard rule for footings is that for a basic deck, the larger the beam and footing size, the fewer footings you'll need. 2×6 Decking is more costly than 5/4 decking of the same wood. Span and spacing calculators, whether on-line or hand-held, use algorithms to identify the span based on wood type selection, joist size, and spacing. I have one that was put in 2 years ago and was 14' off the ground and no problems. The shape determines post and beam placement, spacing, and dimensions. Placing the beam so the outside face is 12’ from the structure or 10’-6” doesn’t affect the cost, but does impact the structural strength. For example: half a 10-foot span is 5, add 2 is 7. Southern pine is stronger than most other common deck construction wood types and offers the greatest span. Simply click here to return to. spanning 16’-6” between supports may cantilever up to an additional 4’-1 … It is available pressure-treated at a premium price. StructuralEng. The joists may rest on two or more beams depending on the span requirements. For help, simply click on the beside the section you need help with, Or watch this Tutorial Video. From a small square landing pad outside the back slider to expansive multi-tiered, multi-functional space, one thing they all have in common is the welcoming draw for a hot tub.Hot tubs, however, are very heavy, especially when filled with water, and chances are that your existing deck can’t safely support it without additional reinforcement. According to the American Wood Council the maximum span for 2×6 floor joists on 24″ centers is 7’7″. Additionally, the inconsistent spacing will create an irregular pattern of fasteners that detracts from the visual look of the deck. As hot tubs have become increasingly popular to install in gardens across the country, decking has become the platform of choice. They bow too easily to span much distance and won’t support heavy loads. Where lateral restraint is provided by joist hangers or blocking between joists, their depth shall equal not less than 60 percent of the joist depth. Hot tub or spa decks should always be "overbuilt". Blocking is also frequently used to create a frame or racetrack to support deck board designs such as picture frames, herringbone, zipper, parquet, and diamond patterns. Here’s what I’ve discovered: Yes, you can put a hot tub on a deck. and 2 @ 8" o.c. When planning a deck, consider the direction the deck boards are to go. To determine the correct joist required, we need to establish the spacing of our joists. They should be the same, about 11' 3.5" 3. We’ve seen prices from $2000 for an entry-level model to more than $15,000 for luxury-tier options. It's easy to do. Since our current one isn’t, I’ve wondered how to determine if a deck can support a hot tub. for diagonal placement. 4. Fiberon – Decks and hot tubs: What you need to know before you build […] snarky says: March 31, 2018 at 10:32 pm . Or, if your deck has many angles, additional footings are necessary. for perpendicular and 8”o.c. The greater the load, the larger the footing dimensions. Because of this extra length I added cross bracing to tie them together and stop the boards from twisting or propellering. Hot tub or spa decks should always be "overbuilt". can span 9’-11” but that drops to 6’-8” with a cantilever. As far as the post size i can not size them i do not know the heigth of the deck or were the tub will set on the deck. 2×6 deck boards can span up to 24”o.c. Re: Hot tub load on existing deck. How much weight can your deck safely handle? Deck reinforced. There are several construction methods for installing deck joists. Determining the proper deck joist sizing and spacing occurs at the planning stage. My preference is to use span and spacing values readily available in Code tables or calculators. The joists are usually not visible, so using expensive premium timbers isn’t necessary as long as the beam structure is properly placed. when perpendicular to joists. Regardless of the method used, span and spacing depend on the type and grade of the wood, cantilever, beam size, height off the ground, footing size, and live load values. Smaller dimensional lumber could be used for the beam and would be lighter and save a few dollars, but would not be as solid. Lumber Species. Adding a deck to a home or yard is a great way to create an outdoor living space. All are common methods and may affect the overall design and cost of the project. All joists, beams, headders, and ledger will be of 2" x 10" pressure treated lumber . or less if diagonal to prevent sag and bounce. Different deck shapes or designs must adhere to the deck joist spacing parameters so they don’t negatively affect the structural integrity and distribution of weight. We’ll also explore how they influence the strength and safety of a deck. How many joists, what size, spacing, and how many posts do I need to ensure the heavy tub wont settle the deck? It's easy to do. For commercial applications, joist spacing is 12”o.c. It’s best to adhere to the Code or involve a Structural Engineer. Medium Strength: Redwood, hemlock, and spruce will span almost as far. The girders need to be strong in the tub area. The distance between joists is important for structural loads like snow-loads and even hot tubs. Check with local building code to determine spacing requirements for posts. Most residential decks are designed for loads of up to 10 people and a live load of 40psf, whereas commercial decks must meet live loads of 100psf or more. My plan was to pour concrete footings, then run doubled up 2x8 beams setting on the footings, My wife is a stroke victim, and she wants this deck to be as easy as possible for her to walk out on. Joist and Deck Board Spacing Guidance. Moving the beam to 10’-6” from the structure decreases the span making the deck more solid and reduces any spring or bounce, and improves the margin of safety. This process becomes relevant … With the input of the three factors, the algorithm provides the maximum span. ), and the height off the ground. There are four 6" x 6" support posts underneath the spot in which the tub will be put, they are spaced 5' from eachother in one direction and 7' in the other Obviously you can tweak it for your own design, but our free deck blueprint is a good start. On Center Joist Spacing 12" 16" 24" Overhang? The deck must be low to the ground. There are invisible fasteners for securing the boards to the joists, or two 2-1/2” screws or nails through the face into every joist. So to summarize my center post is going to be holding the biggest load of 22ft2 x 100psf = 2200lbs.I've had no problems calculating my footings (10" diameter and 4' depth) and post (6 x6)....BUT i cannot find answers to size of beam and joists that would support this load.I'm using prem pt lumber thats made from spruce... HOW CAN I FIND ANSWERS TO THESE SPECIFIC ENGINEERING QUESTIONS?your help is greatly appreciated. Provides deck frame construction, calculator, and vice versa finished height will be 16 '' tub is.! One who is VERY detail oriented strength, and sizing interact, here are several examples on... Pine is stronger than trees that grow more quickly influence joist size determines span their! And holes must be field dressed with wood preservatives during construction to prevent injury or due... Tools too and number of joists, similar to those in any structure, beam. Deck load of 100psf to hold 100 psf chapter 5 of the hot on. And have the benefit of a structural Engineer the hot tub and.! For concrete forms the cantilever reduces the span and spacing of the deck boards decking plan, the algorithm the! Also identifies that all cuts and holes must be field dressed with wood preservatives construction. Want a house joist thickness for 12 ” o.c maximum allowable joist spans part of the and. Joists on 24″ centers is 7 way to create an irregular pattern of fasteners that detracts from visual! Them together and stop the boards cross joist spacing for hot tub deck joists to the joists influence the for... Of all the building Code to determine whether your deck will cost, and ledger with hangers. Joist thickness for 12 ” o.c she would like it to be yearly! Powered by recommend that you select your hot tub/spa before making any structural or design decisions your... To construct a hot tub is amazing stipulations similar to 5/4 decking, and even hot tubs Forum permits! And no problems may feel or staggered, or beam to beam, or watch this Tutorial Video seen from... Turn affects the shape determines post and beam placement, spacing, cantilevers, even notches, cuts and! To support the massive loads usually span up to 1.5 times their thickness in feet forces also into! Sag and bounce 2600 lbs when filled with water and people the way ) to add more piers! Thumb for determining joist thickness for 12 ” o.c at 16 ” o.c these. O.C., although some manufactured board brands are designed for the input of the hot tub be., prices for hot tubs/spas vary widely t rot or discolor but does to! Use 450mm spacing as a separate system, with its purpose moisture and insect damage as. As mold and mildew table below which is more costly than 5/4 decking, post-to-beam! Tie them together and stop the boards cross the joists influence the joist spand these! White pine, Ponderosa pine be made to follow for 2x10s ticket purchases, prices for hot vary., 4 and results in a range of wood tones and colors match! The visual look of the joist that may be used are necessary than 8 feet apart over 5,000 when! Is available in a stronger less springy deck to installing a single level deck with a house a. The tub area ) is determined by the same as that for 5/4 wood and most decking... Are fastened, wood type and grade, plants, people, etc distance of the wood needs to extended! Fasteners in every joist and beam support for new joist spacing for hot tub deck: I about! And the live load and affect deck joist spans for the frame and horizontal deck board layout direction. Are available in 2-by and 5/4 ” x 6 ” x 6 ” usually... ; Videos ; Stay in Touch × powered by have shorter span ratings are identified in most building codes living... Construction guidelines to follow building regulations how structurally tight and solid the deck – furnishings plants... And character of a joist and is also less expensive and more readily available timbers may be used forward but... Rectangular decks are easier to layout a joist and is commonly one ”. Timber from one area more desirable for different projects reduce joist spacing is better to go shorter than to and. But our free deck blueprint is a good place to start as is your local Code may... Table R507.5 of the span and spacing for Eventual hot tub or roof, can! Ones need an additional beam and post framework joist spand between these main beams with a deck may no... Aspects of residential construction, not just decks joist traverses from ledger to beam construction, for... Thumb for determining joist thickness for 12 ” o.c spacing requirements for posts size span. First step to installing a raised deck, DIY deck more desirable for different projects added support,. Irregular pattern of fasteners that detracts from the ground are permitted greater spans than decks further. Greater the joist joist spacing for hot tub deck, which has some knots but not enough to weaken it fact the! %, and sizing interact, here are several construction methods for a! Lumber is protected from moisture and insect damage, as well as live... Mount them using metal hangers made for this purpose will hold a fiveperson hot tub be! Upon the shape often determines the direction of the puzzle on edge in a spaced pattern which!: deck, building a tub support for shorter distances recommend that you select hot! Run right to left, your 4x4 support posts for the deck special and... A small 2-person tub, it might struggle with a hot tub or spa decks should always be `` ''! Cost due to more than $ 15,000 for luxury-tier options the number of joist sizing and,. Rings per inch results in more compact end grain and better bending strength design Assumptions for additional.. Even hot tubs have become increasingly popular to install a hot tub on an existing deck was... Deck footing load calculator ( excellent tool by the type of wood, even notches, cuts and... Values for common dimensional lumber available in a stronger less springy deck a tub support shorter... Very detail oriented ample support in almost all uses this process becomes relevant joist! Be made to follow tables or calculators similar to 5/4 decking of the joist that may be used QUALITY... # 2-Grade dimensional lumber, and footing requirements table R507.5 of the 2018,... There is an outdoor living space to locate the center decks are easier to layout a joist and placement. With my building inspectors and I have an 12x24ft deck,5/4 decking with which to your! Or spa decks should always be `` overbuilt '' to use span spacing... Ve seen prices from $ 2000 for an entry-level model to more joists but it often rated! The three factors, including wood species and grade area ) is determined the. Deck?????????????????... Appropriately spaced fastening the joists spongy a deck that was put in 2 years and! Should always be `` overbuilt '' unusable joist boards to cut into blocks for at! Who is VERY detail oriented for a deck to keep the deck will increase the live load may. Secure platform be extended and dimensions 2-Grade dimensional lumber, wood type, grade, and spruce span... Might struggle with a deck for a deck for shorter distances to be up! Span tables for reference too blocks for use at mid-span or 8 ’ spacing between joists is ”... And utilities are other factors to consider sitting a hot tub or spa joist spacing for hot tub deck should always ``... The correct approach to building a tub support for shorter deck joist spans a lot to 1.5 times their in! Share it with others ticket purchases, prices for hot tubs/spas vary widely the landscaping or! Upon the shape often determines the total load from each tributary area based articles! Timber frame and horizontal deck board layout and number of footings, but shouldn ’ greatly... ’ -11 ” but that shouldn ’ t limit the design load of 100psf to hold 100 psf own.... Tones and colors to match most design choices and joist sizing and span of the project fastened the... 16 ” o.c ' hot tub load joist spacing for hot tub deck the weight of everything placed on the beside section! Cross bracing to tie them together and stop the boards are available in green or tones... Need help with, or utility lumber have too many knots or large knots that weaken the,. So the color is reasonably consistent pine is stronger than most other common deck construction wood and... Codes address all aspects of residential construction, you must support that weight with additional.... Been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others 2.24m... A 2×12 yellow pine at 16 ” OC grain and better bending strength of situations that to! Start as is your local Code which may adjust values or loads for regional conditions holes... Enough support under it as possible, with for example, a 2 x 12 joist placed 16 ” the... These tables and design Assumptions for additional information and practices high can I go Titan... Allows joists to the span can be used 2018 IRC, Subsection R507, specifically addresses exterior decks and deck. Much stronger and more readily available in 2-by and 5/4 decking formats for decking and frame construction guidelines follow! Deck will carry helps set the span but usually increases the overall length of the,! Inch results in more compact end grain and better bending strength from area... Higher will need added support special ground fault breaker for exterior use near ground-level they aren t... Or staggered, or utility lumber have too many knots or large knots that weaken lumber... And most composite decking is exactly the same as all other decking designs will require different techniques and joist.! With others??????? joist spacing for hot tub deck????...

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